Polystichum aculeatum
Hard Shield Fern
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Hard Shield Fern (Polystichum aculeatum) - Description
Polystichum aculeatum (Hard Shield Fern) is an evergreen fern native to Europe. It is most abundant in upland regions of the British Isles and western France, where it benefits from the combination of mild winters and moist summers, but also occurs more locally across most of Europe except northern Scandinavia, northern Russia; in the Mediterranean region it is confined to high altitudes.
Hard Shield Fern (Polystichum aculeatum) - Blooming
Sori are borne on the underside of fronds and are encased by a round indusium.
Hard Shield Fern (Polystichum aculeatum) - Growth
Grows well in deep to partial shade. Polystichum works well in a rock garden or as cover for a woodland garden. Can also grow in a border that is well-drained, or in a traditional fernery. Less hardy species should be grown indoors with cool to warm conditions.
Hard Shield Fern (Polystichum aculeatum) - Planting
Dig up plants in spring and carefully separate the rhizomes. Spores can be propagated at 60F when ripe.
Hard Shield Fern (Polystichum aculeatum) - Pest
Uncommon.
Hard Shield Fern (Polystichum aculeatum) - Interesting facts
Polystichum are found worldwide in a variety of habitats such as tropical forests and alpine regions. There are around 200 species of Polystichum. The genus undergoes frequent hybridisation.
Hard Shield Fern (Polystichum aculeatum) - Soil and irrigation
Does best in evenly moist soil rich in organic matter but also grows well in dry soil.
