Bixa orellana
Achiote
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Achiote (Bixa orellana) - Description
Achiote (Bixa orellana) is a shrub or small tree originating from the tropical region of the Americas. The name derives from the Nahuatl word for the shrub, āchiotl [aː't͡ʃiot͡ɬ]. It is also known as Aploppas, and its original Tupi name urucu. It is cultivated there and in Southeast Asia, where it was introduced by the Spanish in the 17th century.
Achiote (Bixa orellana) - Blooming
From late summer to fall, blooms open cup-shaped, 5-petaled flowers, followed by bristly bright red or dark pink fruit. The fruit contain numerous dark red seeds. The flowers are a great source of nectar, and thus attract honeybees.
Achiote (Bixa orellana) - Growth
Evergreen tree. Grows well in rich soils with full sun. Less hardy plants should be raised in a warm greenhouse. A warm greenhouse has a minimum temperature of 55°F (13°C). During the day, temperatures should be set to 55-64°F (13-18°C) or above, and at night, the temperature should be at 55°F (13°C). In warmer areas, grow Bixa as a hedge or ornamental tree for the flowers and seeds.
Achiote (Bixa orellana) - Planting
Propagate from the seed in spring, at 66-75°F (19-24°C). Can also propagate from semi-ripe cuttings in summer. Semi-ripe cuttings are cuttings taken from semi-mature wood.
Achiote (Bixa orellana) - Pest
Some problems include powdery mildew, algal leaf spot, and fungal leaf spots.
Achiote (Bixa orellana) - Interesting facts
There is only one known species of Bixa, Bixa orellana. The seeds are used by some tropical Native Americans as a means of producing red body paint.
Achiote (Bixa orellana) - Soil and irrigation
Does well in fertile, humus-rich loam that is well-draining. Soil-based potting mixes work well for indoor plants. Water freely during the growing season, less in winter.
